Key Success Factors of 3D OBN Survey in a Congested Oil Field in the Caspian Sea

In this paper, we present and demonstrate that the implementation of an efficient Project Management Strategy has effectively contributed in a safe and successful completion of a very complex 3D OBN Seismic Survey in congested Oil fields. Thus, delivering high quality data on schedule and within the predetermined budget at the full satisfaction of all involved parties and stakeholders. Strong commitment to HSSE Standards and working as an integrated One-Team with full collaboration and continuous communication between all the Team members are among the main Success Factors of the 3D seismic survey which was carried out during the critical period of COVID-19. Moreover, the deployment of experienced personnel, advanced and reliable Technologies with adequate equipment have also extended the efficiency of this OBN 3D seismic survey. Preliminary results of 3D seismic data processing, interpretation and reservoir characterization are also briefly presented and discussed as a clear enhancement of data quality was already observed compared to the legacy 3D OBC data set. A fast track small 3D cube was successfully processed as an utmost and urgent priority for appraisal well selection, design and drilling. Copyright © 2023, Society of Petroleum Engineers.

COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT COVID-19 VACCINES: MESSENGER RNA, SUBUNIT AND ATTENUATED VACCINE

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic, causing heavy losses to the global community. Novel Coronavirus development speed, the scope of the large, so that biomedical workers have to face together. Meanwhile COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) has a strong infection rate as well as certain mortality rate, which brings challenges to the treatment of the disease. Vaccination is an important means to prevent infectious diseases. At present, many research institutions around the world have launched the research as well as advance of COVID-19 vaccines. The current situation of SARS-CoV2 pandemic has triggered development and use of epidemiological vaccines in the medical community. Aiming at vaccines evolution is to acquire straight as proof of vaccines efficient in defend people from SARS-CoV-2 as well as COVID-19 in order to effective vaccine manufacture will be selectively. One vaccine candidate against COVID-19 may fight acute, disease, either contagion, or a vaccine which reduces anyone the elements may aid in disease control. This article introduces the morphological characteristics, mechanism of action, clinical utility, enhance as well as differences of COVID-19 vaccines development, In order to compare mRNA vaccine ， subunit vaccine and attenuated vaccine and studied from multiple medical perspectives to promote the selection and use of vaccine in a safer way and ensure the best efficacy end points, prevent grave pathema and doom, as assessed about phase 3 clinical trials. hoping to help comprehend development as well as vaccination point at COVID-19 vaccine in the future. © 2022 SPIE. All rights reserved.

Causes of Death in COVID-19 Patients with Cardiac Injury

BACKGROUND: The causes of death in COVID-19 patients with cardiac injury are uncertain. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study and reviewed the electronic medical record of 109 deceased COVID-19 patients with cardiac injury on admission and 32 deceased COVID-19 patients without cardiac injury at two hospitals in Rhode Island. RESULTS: Among the 109 deceased COVID-19 patients who had cardiac injury on admission, 79 patients (72.5%) died of hypoxic respiratory failure, 21 patients (19.2%) of multi-organ failure and septic shock, 6 patients (5.5%) of cardiac arrhythmia, 3 patients (2.8%) of severe kidney failure as the immediate causes of death. We observed a similar pattern of distribution when compared to deceased patients without cardiac injury on admission (n=32). CONCLUSION: The main causes of death of COVID-19 patients with cardiac injury were non-cardiac, mostly hypoxic respiratory failure. Cardiac-related arrhythmia only accounted for a small proportion of cases.

Insights on In-Situ Photochemistry Associated with Ozone Reduction in Guangzhou during the COVID-19 Lockdown

Increases in ground-level ozone (O3 ) have been observed during the COVID-19 lockdown in many places around the world, primarily due to the uncoordinated emission reductions of O3 precursors. In Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong province in South China, O3 distinctively decreased during the lockdown. Such a phenomenon was attributed to meteorological variations and weakening of local O3 formation, as indicated by chemical transport models. However, the emission-based modellings were not fully validated by observations, especially for volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In this study, we analyzed the changes of O3 and its precursors, including VOCs, from the pre-lockdown (Pre-LD) to lockdown period (LD) spanning 1 week in Guangzhou. An observation-based box model was applied to understand the evolution of in-situ photochemistry. Indeed, the ambient concentrations of O3 precursors decreased significantly in the LD. A reduction of 20.7% was identified for the total mixing ratios of VOCs, and the transportation-related species experienced the biggest declines. However, the reduction of O3 precursors would not lead to a decrease of in-situ O3 production if the meteorology did not change between the Pre-LD and LD periods. Sensitivity tests indicated that O3 formation was limited by VOCs in both periods. The lower temperature and photolysis frequencies in the LD reversed the increase of O3 that would be caused by the emission reductions otherwise. This study reiterates the fact that O3 abatement requires coordinated control strategies, even if the emissions of O3 precursors can be significantly reduced in the short term. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

[Summary and prospect of early warning models and systems for infectious disease outbreaks].

This paper summarizes the basic principles and models of early warning for infectious disease outbreaks, introduces the early warning systems for infectious disease based on different data sources and their applications, and discusses the application potential of big data and their analysing techniques, which have been studied and used in the prevention and control of COVID-19 pandemic, including internet inquiry, social media, mobile positioning, in the early warning of infectious diseases in order to provide reference for the establishment of an intelligent early warning mechanism and platform for infectious diseases based on multi-source big data.

Sentiment Analysis on Chinese Weibo Regarding COVID-19

The outbreak of COVID-19 has had a great impact on people’s general lifestyle over the world. People express their views about COVID-19 on social media more frequently when cities are under lockdown. In this work, we are motivated to analyze the sentiments and their evolution of people in the face of this public health crisis based on Chinese Weibo, a largest social media platform in China. First, we obtained the top 50 hot searched hashtags from January 10, 2020 to May 31, 2020, and collected 1,681,265 Weibo posts associated to the hashtags regarding COVID-19. We then constructed a COVID-19 sentiment analysis dataset by annotating the related Weibo posts with 7 categories, e.g., fear, anger, disgust, sadness, gratitude, surprise, and optimism, in combination of the other two datasets. The well annotated data consists of 21,173 pieces of texts. Second, we employed three methods, i.e., LSTM, BERT, and ERNIE, to predict the sentiments of users on Weibo. Comprehensive experimental results show that ERNIE classifier has the highest accuracy and reaches 0.8837. We then analyzed the sentiment and its evolution of Weibo users to see how people respond to COVID-19 throughout the outbreak. Based on the in-depth analysis, we found that people generally felt negative (mainly fear) at early stage of the outbreak. As the pandemic situation gradually improved, people’s positive sentiment began to increase. The number of cases of COVID-19, news and public events have a great influence on people’s sentiments. Finally, we developed a real-time visualization system to display the trend of the user’s sentiment and hot searched hashtags based on Weibo during the pandemic. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

[Evaluation of the emergency response strategies and measures on the epidemic of COVID-19 in Shenzhen, China].

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the strategies on COVID-19 outbreak control in Shenzhen, and to clarify the feasibility of these strategies in metropolitans that have high population density and strong mobility. Methods: The epidemic feature of COVID-19 was described by different phases and was used to observe the effectiveness of intervention. Hierarchical spot map was drawn to clarify the distribution and transmission risk of infection sources at different time points. The Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Asymptomatic-Recovered model was established to estimate case numbers without intervention and compare with the actual number of cases to determine the effect of intervention. The positive rate of the nucleic acid test was used to reflect the risk of human exposure. A survey on COVID-19 related knowledge, attitude and behaviors were used to estimate the abilities of personal protection and emergency response. Results: The epidemic of COVID-19 in Shenzhen experienced the rising, plateau and decline stage. The case number increased rapidly at the beginning, with short duration of peak period. Although the epidemic curve showed human-to-human transmission, the "trailing" was not obvious. From the spot map, during the intervention period, the source of infection was widely distributed. More cases and higher transmission risk were observed in areas with higher population density. After the effective intervention measures, both infection sources and the risk of transmission decreased. After compared with the estimated case numbers without intervention, actual number proved the COVID-19 control strategies were effective. The positive rate of nucleic acid test for high risk populations decreased and no new cases reported since February 16. Shenzhen citizens had high knowledge, attitude and behavior level, and high protection ability and emergency response. Conclusions: Although the response initiated by the health administration department played a key role at the early stage of the epidemic, it was not enough to contain the outbreak of COVID-19. The first-level emergency response initiated by provincial and municipal government was effective and ensured the start of work resumption after the Spring Festival. Metropolitans like Shenzhen can also achieve the goals of strategies and measures for containment and mitigation of COVID-19.